Frames and holdersÂ
frames type
In most experiments the targets are mounted in the frames presented in the photo. The smallest apertures are usually used when target is bombarded by protons and the big ones for neutron bombardement.
production target
Pb target providing the neutrons at n-TOF installation at CERN. It is composed of 6 thick plates of high purity lead 60x60 cm2 (5 pcs are 5 cm thick and 1 has 15 cm). More details you may find in https://cds.cern.ch/record/2808470/files/document.pdf
molecular plating
Gd targets produced by molecular plating. Photos show the effect of applying and no the stirring during plating process.
Targets prepared at PSI, Villigen, CH.
Targets prepared at PSI, Villigen, CH.
Carbon holder
This target consists of 15 consecutive sections of rolled gold foil (thickness: 25 µm; diameter: 2.2 mm) glued on Kapton® tape and arranged in a special shaped carbon tube approx. 7.5 cm long and with an outer diameter of 2 cm. It was made for HADES experiment in collaboration between the target laboratories of GSI and of the Technical University of Darmstadt in Germany.
Techniques
Along the well known techniques such as vacuum evaporation, sputtering, rolling or powder pressing the technique known as DoD (Drop on Demand) is used to create targets of various materials not suitable for classical methods.
Drop-on-Demand
Cm-248 source produced by Drop-on-Demand printing of 641 individual 10 nL droplets onto a Au covered polyimid substrate. The printing solution was an ethanol/water mixture (70:30). The source contains 8 µg Cm-248 in total. The source is used for measurements of the spontaneous fission fragments.
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Invitation
Page is open to be constructed with help of ALL MEMBERS.
PHOTOS listed below are very awaited:
* Types /various shapes of frames
* Solid targets: Targets self-supporting and on the backing;Â Various thicknesses (e.g. nearly transparent C and alu), thick pellets for isotope production;Â
* Gaseous targets: big containers, dripping frozen
* Strippers: solid (C), big foils from RIKEN?, C-frame from HIL; gaseous, liquid metals
* Shipping/transportation containers: short/long distance
Photo:  9 μg/cm2 carbon foil mounted unsupported on frame with 9×12 cm2 aperture (produced at TU-München, GE in collaboration with HIL-UW, Warsaw, PL)
PHOTOS listed below are very awaited:
* Types /various shapes of frames
* Solid targets: Targets self-supporting and on the backing;Â Various thicknesses (e.g. nearly transparent C and alu), thick pellets for isotope production;Â
* Gaseous targets: big containers, dripping frozen
* Strippers: solid (C), big foils from RIKEN?, C-frame from HIL; gaseous, liquid metals
* Shipping/transportation containers: short/long distance
Photo:  9 μg/cm2 carbon foil mounted unsupported on frame with 9×12 cm2 aperture (produced at TU-München, GE in collaboration with HIL-UW, Warsaw, PL)